Material Properties
Suhm purchases only the highest quality material, because the superior caliber of each spring produced depends on it. Suhm keeps over 37,000 square feet of popular and exotic raw materials in stock to ensure prompt delivery of your order. Many sizes of almost every material listed on the following material properties chart are held in our inventory. Contact Suhm to confirm availability.
Material Properties Chart
The following chart is a general spring design reference. Because this chart
is only a simple reference, and every spring application has its own particular
parameters, we suggest you contact a Suhm sales staff member for more information on spring design application and customization.
Popular types of material include
Oil Tempered,
Chrome Vanadium,
Chrome Silicon,
5160-H,
302/304 SS,
Inconel X750,
MP35N,
Elgiloy, and
Titanium Beta-C.
Additional size and material specifications, including common stock sizes and tensile strength charts, are available by clicking on the (details) link in the "Material Properties" column.
A downloadable copy (27k) of this entire chart is available in Adobe .pdf format.
A complete Suhm Spring Materials: Sizes and Strength Values Book (.pdf, 219k) is also available.
Material Properties Chart |
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Material |
Material Properties |
Maximum Working Temp. |
Ultimate Tensile Range (ksi min) |
Modulus of Elasticity |
Approx. Design % of Ultimate Tensile (torsional) |
Common Sizes (inches) |
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Alloy Steel |
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Music Wire |
Cold drawn. Constant tensile strength. High-quality and good for high cycle spring applications. (details) |
250°F |
449/230 |
(E)30 |
45% |
.012" to .250" |
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High Carbon Steel Wire/Bar |
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Oil Tempered Wire, Class I |
Cold drawn. All purpose spring material. Heat treated before fabrication. Susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement when plated. (details) |
250°F |
323/125 (class I) |
(E)30 |
45% |
.032" to .625" |
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Chrome Vanadium Wire |
Cold drawn. Good for shock loads and medium elevated temperature applications. Susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement when plated. ( details) |
425°F |
325/190 |
(E)30 |
45% |
.043" to .500" |
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Chrome Silicon Wire |
Cold drawn. Good for shock loads and medium elevated temperature applications. Susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement when plated. (details) |
475°F |
300/226 |
(E)30 |
45% |
.024" to .438" |
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Hot Rolled Alloy Bar |
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5160-H |
Hot-rolled special bar quality, fine grained. Good fatigue life. (details) |
400°F |
242/211 |
(E)29 |
45% |
.468" to 1.250" |
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51B60-H |
Hot-rolled special bar quality, fine grained. Good fatigue life. (details) |
400°F |
242/211 |
(E)30 |
45% |
1.250" to 1.937" |
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4161-H |
Hot-rolled special bar quality, fine grained. Good fatigue life. (details) |
400°F |
242/211 |
(E)30 |
45% |
2.00" to 2.875" |
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Stainless Steel |
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AISI 302/304 Stainless Steel Wire |
Cold drawn. Low cost. Good for general purpose corrosion and elevated temperature applications. Has some magnetism in a spring temper. (details) |
500°F |
325/130 |
(E)28 |
40% |
.015" to .500" |
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AISI 316 Stainless Steel Wire |
Cold drawn. Better corrosion resistance than 302/304. Good for elevated temperatures. No magnetism. (details) |
550°F |
245/110 |
(E)28 |
40% |
.017" to .500" |
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T-316 Stainless Steel Bar |
Cold drawn. Better corrosion resistance than 302/304. Good for elevated temperatures. No magnetism. (details) |
550°F |
245/110 |
(E)28 |
40% |
.562" to 1.750" |
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17-7PH Stainless Steel Wire |
Cold drawn. Better corrosion resistance than 302/304. Good for elevated temperatures. No magnetism. (details) |
550°F |
365/230 |
(E)29 |
45% |
.017" to .562" |
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17-4PH Bar |
Age hardened. High tensile strength. Good for general corrosion resistance. No magnetism. (details) |
550°F |
365/230 |
(E)29 |
45% |
.562" to 2.875" |
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Alloy 20 Spring Tempered Wire |
Excellent mechanical properties and easily fabricated. Moderate to good corrosion resistance. Used extensively in petrochemical and refining applications. (details) |
- |
200/125 |
(E)29 |
45% |
.025" to .362" |
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A-286 Spring Tempered Wire |
Age hardened. Good corrosion resistance. Good for use in elevated temperature applications. No magnetism. (details) |
900°F |
200/160 |
(E)29.1 |
45% |
.040" to .295" |
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Copper Base Alloy |
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Phosphor Bronze Wire (Grade A) |
Cold drawn. Good electrical conductivity. Good corrosion resistance. (details) |
200°F |
145/105 |
(E)15 |
40% |
.010" to .468" |
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Beryllium Copper Wire |
Cold drawn. Good electrical conductivity. Good corrosion resistance. (details) |
400°F |
230/150 |
(E)18.5 |
45% |
.010" to .468" |
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Nickel Base Alloy Wire/Bar |
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Inconel X-750 Spring Tempered Wire |
Cold drawn, age hardened. Good corrosion resistance. Good for use in elevated temperature applications. Good for use in Sour-Gas applications. (details) |
700°F |
230/180 |
(E)29 |
45% |
.005" to .750" |
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Inconel X-750 Bar |
Cold drawn. Good corrosion resistance. Good for use in elevated temperature applications. Good for use in Sour-Gas applications. (details) |
700°F |
170 |
(E)29 |
45% |
.750" to 2.500" |
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Inconel 600 Wire |
Cold drawn. Good corrosion resistance. Good for use in elevated temperature applications. (details) |
700°F |
205/120 |
(E)29 |
45% |
.005" to .750" |
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Inconel 625 Spring Tempered Wire |
Cold drawn. Good corrosion resistance. Good for use in elevated temperature applications. (details) |
700°F |
205/120 |
(E)29 |
45% |
.012" to .175" |
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Inconel 718 Spring Tempered Wire |
Cold drawn. Good corrosion resistance. Good for use in elevated temperature applications. (details) |
1200°F |
250/210 |
(E)29 |
45% |
.012" to .275" |
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Inconel 718 Bar |
Age hardened. Good corrosion resistance. Good for use in elevated temperature applications. No magnetism. (details) |
1200°F |
250/210 |
(E)29 |
45% |
.234" to 1.500" |
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MP35N Spring Tempered Wire |
Cold drawn, age hardened. High strength. High modulus value and corrosion resistance. Great choice for severe spring applications. Good for applications involving the presence of Hydrogen Sulfide. (details) |
600°F |
330/230 |
(E)34 |
45% |
.005" to .750" |
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Elgiloy Spring Tempered Wire |
Cold drawn. Very high fatigue strength and long life. (details) |
600°F |
350/220 |
(E)29.5 |
45% |
.005" to .750" |
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Monel 400 Spring Tempered Wire |
Cold drawn. Good corrosion resistance. Good for elevated temperature applications. (details) |
450°F |
165/120 |
(E)26 |
40% |
.014" to .500" |
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Monel K-500 Spring Tempered Wire/Bar |
Cold drawn. Very high corrosion resistance. Good for use in elevated temperature applications. (details) |
500°F |
195/140 |
(E)26 |
40% |
.018" to 2.000" |
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Hastelloy C-276 Wire |
Good corrosion resistance to many acids and salts. (details) |
- |
- |
(E)29.8 |
- |
.012" to .437" |
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Hastelloy B-2 |
Good corrosion resistance to many acids and salts. (details) |
- |
- |
(E)28 |
- |
.018" to .207" |
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Titanium |
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Titanium Beta-C |
Age hardened. Good ductility and toughness. Good fabricability, and good resistance to general corrosion. Good for environments containing Ferric Chloride, Sodium Chloride, Carbon Dioxide, and Hydrogen Sulfide. (details) |
600°F |
190/180 |
(E)15.4 |
45% |
.005" to .625" |
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Titanium 6Al-4V |
Age hardened. Good ductility and toughness. Good fabricability, and good resistance to general corrosion. (details) |
- |
165 |
(E)15.0 |
40% |
.020" to .250" |
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Tool Steel |
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H-12 Tungsten Bar |
Good for high temperature applications. (details) |
700°F |
187 |
(E)30.0 |
45% |
.500" to 2.250" |
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This data is provided as a reference guide only and is not intended for design purposes. Strength values and sizes are subject to change. Please check with a Suhm Spring representative for confirmation.